Encrypting/wrapping a private RSA key in PKCS8 using AES-GCM and openSSL 3.20 (library not command line tool)

I need to protect a private RSA key using a passphrase but using AES-GCM for the actual encryption.
This is normally done using various a combination of openSSL library calls. However, I now need to support using AES-GCM instead of AES-CBC… Continue reading Encrypting/wrapping a private RSA key in PKCS8 using AES-GCM and openSSL 3.20 (library not command line tool)

OpenSSL 3.2.0 released: New cryptographic algorithms, support for TCP fast open, and more!

OpenSSL is a full-featured toolkit for general-purpose cryptography and secure communication. The final version of OpenSSL 3.2.0 is now available. Major changes in OpenSSL 3.2.0 This release incorporates the following potentially significant or incompa… Continue reading OpenSSL 3.2.0 released: New cryptographic algorithms, support for TCP fast open, and more!

What happens at a low level when authenticating server certificates?

Regarding the TLS 1.3 Handshake Protocol:
When the Server sends it’s certificate, exactly how does the Client validate this?
I know at a high level the Client is verifying the data the Server sent matches what the Certificate Authority con… Continue reading What happens at a low level when authenticating server certificates?

openssl: Not able to verify 3rd in the chain with self-signed certificate [duplicate]

(Disclaimer: Checked all the openssl related topics, no success).
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.1.1s 1 Nov 2022
I’m trying to generate the chain of certificates, root -> intermediate -> user1,user2,user4 but OpenSSL complains in the ve… Continue reading openssl: Not able to verify 3rd in the chain with self-signed certificate [duplicate]

Why in "openssl pkeyutl -verify" is needed both public and private keys? Why isn’t public key enough?

I created a signature with:
openssl pkeyutl -sign -inkey rsa.key.bob -in plain -out plain.sig.bob

and to verify, Alice just needs to use Bob public key to check the authenticity of the message.
So why I have to use this (which require th… Continue reading Why in "openssl pkeyutl -verify" is needed both public and private keys? Why isn’t public key enough?