Is Digital Signature really necessary for an open system considered by FDA’s 21 CFR Part 11?

21 CFR Part 11’s Subpart B for Electronic Records has a section on ‘Controls for Open Systems" stating that:

Persons who use open systems to create, modify, maintain, or transmit
electronic records shall employ procedures and control… Continue reading Is Digital Signature really necessary for an open system considered by FDA’s 21 CFR Part 11?

How to feasibly digital sign high volume documents with CA issued digital certificate?

My organisation, say Acme, is building an e-signature platform where global businesses sign up and use the platform to send out e-signature requests. And when signers in a particular e-sign request sign the document, Acme must digitally si… Continue reading How to feasibly digital sign high volume documents with CA issued digital certificate?

Google Drive – migrate reviewed draft policy to published ‘master’ policy [migrated]

We are using Google Drive for our Corporate Policy documents, and we are using in-document links to related policies, processes, minutes, and other related documents.
We need to be able to work on draft/updated policies as a part of our co… Continue reading Google Drive – migrate reviewed draft policy to published ‘master’ policy [migrated]

Why does the file size and bytes change for each file even though it is the same content? Is that normal or why is that? [closed]

If I copy a content of a file and paste it somewhere else, the file size is different, why? I have created two test dates by writing hello in both with the same font and this also has different file sizes and (bytes)

Continue reading Why does the file size and bytes change for each file even though it is the same content? Is that normal or why is that? [closed]

Alternative solutions to Document Signing without paying for a Certificate Authority that are better than Self-Signing?

I haven’t looked into this for a few years, but wondering if there are any alternative solutions now for Document Signing other than Self-Signing (specifically PDFs using Acrobat) or having to pay high annual fees to a major Certificate Au… Continue reading Alternative solutions to Document Signing without paying for a Certificate Authority that are better than Self-Signing?