Why can’t mail clients verify an email was sent from the user and server it claims to be from?

Background
When I explain to my clients the security issues around email spoofing, I often explain that emails are like regular mail. Anyone can write Jon Doe on the return address, but that doesn’t necessarily mean that Jon Doe sent it.
P… Continue reading Why can’t mail clients verify an email was sent from the user and server it claims to be from?

Is there a protocol that provides data integrity, but not encryption for HTTP?

HTTP
I’m aware that HTTP sends plain text over the network which can be sniffed and modified if a MITM is performed.
HTTPS
On the other hand, HTTPS sends encrypted text over the network that can neither be sniffed nor modified.
Other?
I’m … Continue reading Is there a protocol that provides data integrity, but not encryption for HTTP?

Could a certificate authority and a ISP preform a MITM attack on HTTPS traffic?

I’m just wondering if it is technically possible for your ISP to work with a certificate authority (either compelled by a government agency or otherwise) to create a MITM attack to see into your https traffic. I’ve used a few MITM servers… Continue reading Could a certificate authority and a ISP preform a MITM attack on HTTPS traffic?

Does it matter if a brute force search for a password returns a collision and not the password?

Assume the following very basic hashing algorithm.

h(k) = k mod 17

Let’s say we create a password 12345 for a website that uses this very basic hashing algorithm. That would yield the hash of 3.

Say a brute force attacker comes by and … Continue reading Does it matter if a brute force search for a password returns a collision and not the password?