Why Does Only 1 Of These 2 Almost-identical Payloads Give Me A Shell?

I wrote a vulnerable test program to practice buffer overflows; however, I was having trouble getting it to work. Finally, after slightly modifying the return address, I was able to gain a shell, but I don’t understand why this small, seem… Continue reading Why Does Only 1 Of These 2 Almost-identical Payloads Give Me A Shell?

In Return-Oriented Programming how can the machine execute unaligned instructions?

I am reading “The Geometry of Innocent Flesh on the Bone: Return-into-libc without Function Calls (on the x86)”.

The author claims that x86 code is like English written without punctuation or spaces, so that the words all ru… Continue reading In Return-Oriented Programming how can the machine execute unaligned instructions?