Block inbound TCP segments with ACK=0 vs Block inbound TCP segments with SYN=1, how are they same?

Blocking inbound TCP segments with ACK=0
Blocking inbound TCP segments with SYN=1

Both prevent external clients from making TCP connections to internal clients, but allow internal clients to connect to outside. How?
This came across to m… Continue reading Block inbound TCP segments with ACK=0 vs Block inbound TCP segments with SYN=1, how are they same?

What is the relation between "signature_algorithms" handshake extension and TLS ciphersuite

I am learning TLS handshake and find client/serve will negotiate a cihpersuite during client/server hello.
Usually, the last part of a ciphersuite is a hash algorithm, like SHA256 in ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256. The second part of a ciphersu… Continue reading What is the relation between "signature_algorithms" handshake extension and TLS ciphersuite

Why can SSH negotiatie two different encryption and authentication algorithms?

I recently found out, that according to the RFC, SSH can negotiate two different cipher (and MAC) algorithms for server-to-client-encryption and for client-to-server-encryption (check section 7.1. for reference).
In section 6.3 this is als… Continue reading Why can SSH negotiatie two different encryption and authentication algorithms?