How to determine validation process of a certificate used by a website using HTTPS?

When visiting a website that uses HTTPS, we can see its certificate in the browser. But how can we know for sure which validation process the company or domain behind the website has gone through?
Validation processes: OV (Organization Val… Continue reading How to determine validation process of a certificate used by a website using HTTPS?

Is it safe to use pirated software if AVs don’t detect anything malicious about it?

I want to know whether it’s safe to use a pirated software if during all of the processes including (downloading, running installer, installing, using and scanning installed files) the system’s antivirus/antimalware doesn’t detect anything… Continue reading Is it safe to use pirated software if AVs don’t detect anything malicious about it?

Why a malicious ISP/government would need to install certificate on users’ devices instead of any device in the middle of the data transit route? [duplicate]

Let’s say a country or ISP is malicious, forces citizens/users to install trusted root certificate on their devices so they can view all HTTPS traffic, but why is this even necessary? why can’t they just redirect all the traffic to a netwo… Continue reading Why a malicious ISP/government would need to install certificate on users’ devices instead of any device in the middle of the data transit route? [duplicate]

Can applications or websites know if their traffic is decrypted and re-encrypted by Fiddler? [duplicate]

Can websites, server-side apps such as those that rely on a constant connection with server e.g. messaging apps, server-side online games such as those that rely on constant server connection for player movement, inventory data etc. tell t… Continue reading Can applications or websites know if their traffic is decrypted and re-encrypted by Fiddler? [duplicate]

Is there a way to find out which certificates came preinstalled with Windows and which ones installed afterwards?

I’m looking for a way to find out which certificates, whether machine level or user level, came preinstalled with Windows (when using official Microsoft ISO file to clean install the OS) and which certificates were installed afterwards, by… Continue reading Is there a way to find out which certificates came preinstalled with Windows and which ones installed afterwards?